MAPC-94 / Mars-94 (with Interior)

MARS-94

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Mars-94 was a spacecraft designed and built by Roscosmos and completed in 1994 to compete with the NASA-built Sojourner 1 and the Helios Aerospace-built Phoenix in the upcoming Race to Mars, and also the name of that mission.

Mars-94 is among the 4 Mars Interplanetary Transport Vehicles built on earth, It was Nuclear Bi-Propulsion powered ship capable of Single-Stage-To-Orbit with a Capacity of 5-6 Crew. It is also a Atmospheric Vehicle with a Detachable Habitat, and a Command Deck on top. This vehicle consisted of two prototypes, One being an Atmospheric Vehicle and Another is a Proposed Orbital Station on the Martian Surface. The Engine design was copied from the Sojourner 1's NERVA Engine design with its Bi-Propellant Capabilities due to the Weight of its Nuclear Thermal Engine.

Mars-94 was launched in 1994 as the part of a Great Race to Mars, competing against NASA's Sojourner 1 and Helios Aerospace's Phoenix Interplanetary spaceship. The mission consisted of Five Crew, Commanded by Soviet Cosmonaut Grigory Kuznetsov Months into the voyage, Mars-94 remained dead last in the race and due to the Political Pressure, The Crew is ordered to perform a Mid-Flight Burn to overtake the competitors. this led to a Nuclear Meltdown and the Exposure of the Cosmonauts to the Radiation is a huge concern.

To risk losing a major disaster, NASA's Sojourner 1 rendezvous with Mars-94, Rescuing 4 of the 5 crew, As one Cosmonaut was among the Casualities of the Collision. The crew was forced to abandon the spacecraft and Collaborated with Sojourner 1 as part of a newly established US-USSR Joint Mission to Mars to compete against Helios. This eventually known as the Sojourner-Mars 94 mission.

After the Race

In 1998, Roscosmos has Built the Mars-95, a Successor to Mars-94, and successfully landed on Mars in early 2000, it served for 3 years with Sojourner 2 and Sojourner 3 until it eventually retired and repurposed as a Permanent Base for the M7 International Research Facility in the Korolev Crater ridge.